Author: Projects DTRI

Renzen Marie B. Jamisola, Karla Joy S. Ty, Artemio M. Salazar, Ayn Kristina M. Beltran, Menandro M. Loresco, Amado A. Angeles

Abstract

Effect of partially substituting improved grasses – Napier (Pennisetum purpureum) and Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) combination – with 50% corn or sorghum silages on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production and body condition scores of nine Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal cows were determined in a 23-day feeding trial. Cows were grouped and distributed following a 3×3 Latin Square Design based on 10-100, 101-200 and >200 days-in-milk (DIM.) No sig­nificant differences were observed on all of the response variables for 10-100 and 101-200 DIM fed with the three treatments. Morning DMI (7.07 kg) and total DMI (13.68 kg) of cows at >200 DIM was greatest (P =0.03) on animals fed 100% improved grass. Corn silage substitution at 50% of total DMI had the highest (P=0.05) afternoon milk yield (3.13 L/day) compared to the other two dietary treatments. In conclusion, corn or sorghum silage can replace im­proved grasses at 50% DM requirement without any general effect on milk production and body condition score.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2018 44 (1): 90-94
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/198/178

Thalia J. Bacorro, Patricia May B. Reyes, Menandro M. Loresco, Amado A. Angeles

Abstract

The dry matter (DM) yield and nutrient composition of Mulato II and Mombasa grasses were determined at 30- and 45-day cutting intervals (CI). DM yields and plant height of both grasses were greater at 45 d. Crude protein and calcium decreased (P<0.05) with age while phosphorus was lower at 45 d in Mombasa. Fiber fractions increased (P<0.05). Gas production increased over time but started to plateau between 24-48h incubation. Increased yields were achieved but with decreased nutritive value. Harvesting at 30 d is recom­mended for feeding high producing herds. Whereas, delayed harvesting would be suitable for animals requiring less nutrient density.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2018 44 (1): 86-89
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/161/144

Gleeza L. Manulat, Cesar C. Sevilla, Florinia E. Merca, Amado A. Angeles

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the optimum growth performance and nutrient digestibility of dairy calves fed starters containing high or low ener­gy and protein. Ten male and ten female growing Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal calves (n=20) initially weighing 42.9±15.1 kg at 2±0.98 months were divided into four groups and blocked by weight. Starter feeds containing ME at 3.11 and 2.83 Mcal ME/kg and CP at 19 and 16% were used in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in 5 randomized complete blocks, where each block consisted of calves in the same weight range. Body weight (BW), BW gain, and feed conver­sion ratio (FCR) of calves were not affected by both levels of energy and pro­tein in starter diets. Calves fed low energy starter diets have better fecal scores (P<0.05). Energy levels mainly influenced energy and nutrient digestibility. Feeding calves high energy starter feeds could generate higher income which requires lesser cost to gain 1kg of live weight per kg BW. However, calves can still be fed cheaper concentrates containing 2.83 Mcal ME/kg and 16% CP without any adverse effect on growth performance.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2018 44 (1): 32-41
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/194/174

Angelo M. Tapia, Jose Arceo N. Bautista, Bernadette C. Mendoza, Laura J. Pham, Ione G. Sarmago, Maria Cynthia R. Oliveros

Abstract

This study was conducted to quantify conjugated linoleic acid production (CLA) of Lactobacillus plantarum BIOTECH 1066 as well as its viable count and per­cent lactic acid in sterile cow, buffalo and goat milk. The sterile medium was inoculated with 1% L. plantarum BIOTECH 1066 and then incubated at 370C for 18 hours. Lipids were extracted from the reaction mixture with choloro­form/methanol (1:2 v/v) and were analyzed using a GC-14 gas chromatograph. Triplicate data were statistically analyzed using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in completely randomized design at 5% level of significance. Com­parison of treatment means was done using Least Significant Difference. Viable cell count (cfu/ml) and developed acidity of L. plantarum 1066 had no significant differences after 18 hours of incubation on different media while CLA produced has increased significantly. Using different milk media, L. plantarum 1066 was able to produce significant amounts of CLA (0.32 to 0.91 mg/ml) with signifi­cant concentration of 0.62 mg/ml synthesized in buffalo’s milk. This could be attributed to the relatively high fat content of buffalo milk (7.2%).

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2018 44 (1): 1-7
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/151/134

Karla Joy S. Ty, Amado A. Angeles, Gabriel L. Lagamayo, Florinia E. Merca, Severino S. Capitan

Abstract

Common levels of blood metabolites of post-calving crossbred dairy cows under different production systems in Batangas and Laguna, Philippines were determined to deduce the general health and nutritional status of the animals. Thirty-six apparently healthy Holstein Friesian x Sahiwal post-calving cows were selected using purposive sampling. Blood samples were collected via the coccygeal vein and were analyzed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), betahydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg). Mean NEFA, BHBA, cholesterol and P concentrations in the blood and NEFAto-cholesterol ratio were within the normal range. Mean glucose and BUN concentrations, on the other hand, were higher than the maximum range while macro minerals Ca, K and Mg were lower than the minimum normal levels. Only mean NEFA concentrations from the intensive and semi-intensive production systems were significantly different (P<0.05). Mean concentrations of BHBA, glucose, cholesterol, BUN, Ca, P, K and Mg and NEFA-to-cholesterol ratio had no significant differences among the three production systems. Therefore, apparently healthy crossbred post-calving dairy cows from Batangas and Laguna did not experience negative energy balance but had macro mineral (Ca, K and Mg) deficiency when compared with reference standards in temperate countries.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2018 44 (2): 169-176
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/211/187

Menandro M. Loresco, Mary Joy C. Andal, Karla Joy S. Ty, Amado A. Angeles

Abstract

Fresh Mulato II, Mombasa and Napier grasses were fed to three groups of growing heifers to compare the average daily gain (ADG), average daily dry matter intake (DMI), body condition scores (BCS), wither height and hip height after 120 days feeding period. Total protein and phosphorus intakes were highest in Napier-fed animals while highest total fat intake was obtained from Mombasa. However, results showed no significant differences in the ADG, average daily DMI, wither height and hip height among the three groups of animals fed with the three grasses. Significant differences between the beginning and ending BCS of the animals per treatment were noted. The present study showed that any of the three grasses may be fed to growing dairy heifers without any negative effect on growth performance.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2019 45(1):87-90
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/224/197

John Kenneth T. Malilay, Maria Cynthia R. Oliveros, Jose Arceo N. Bautista, Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus BIOTECH 1900. The isolate was evaluated in vitro for a series of functional, safety and technological properties that could enable its use as potential probiotics. In terms of its physiological functionality, the isolate was able to tolerate pH 3.0 and 0.3% bile salts with a resistance rate of 56.43% and 89.00%, respectively. It displayed a strong antagonistic activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The isolate demonstrated a strong auto-aggregating phenotype with 84.40% and 87.97% activity after a 3- and 5-hour incubation, respectively. However, it exhibited a low cell surface hydrophobicity in xylene (3.51%). Considering its safety aspects, the isolate exhibited γ-hemolysis. It was susceptible or moderately susceptible to antibiotics including amoxicillin, ampicillin, augmentin, penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. However, it was resistant to cefaclor, kanamycin and streptomycin. Regarding its technological properties, the isolate demonstrated tolerance up to 9% (w/v) NaCl. It also exhibited the same behavior with regard to lactic acid production and viable cell count in different milk systems (cow, buffalo and goat’s milk). The results show that L. acidophilus BIOTECH 1900 can be labeled as potential probiotics as it displayed desirable functional, safety and technological properties.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2019 45(1):11-21
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/227/200

Caren R. Tumambing, Maria Karina P. Degoma, Thalia J. Bacorro, Elsie Erika C. Abes, Gleeza L. Manulat, Teofila DC. Villar, Amado A. Angeles

Abstract

Ruminally cannulated Holstein Friesian x Sahiwal dairy cows were fed diets containing Napier grass (NG), 40% water hyacinth (WH) and 40% banana pseudostem (BP) following a 3×3 Latin Square Design. Rumen fluid samples collected after feeding were analyzed for volatile fatty acids and total sugars using gas chromatography and phenol-sulfuric acid methods, respectively. Average daily milk yield and quality (crude fat, crude protein, total solids) were determined. Results showed that propionic acid (19.62-25.74 mmol/l) was significantly different (P<0.05) while acetic acid (43.58-60.26 mmol/l) and butyric acid (10.74-15.91 mmol/l), total sugars (1.39-1.79 mg/ml), average daily milk yield (9.09-9.33 l/d), milk fat (3.21-4.39%), solids not fat (8.22-8.82%), total solids (11.83-12.98%) and crude protein (3.12-3.33%) were not significantly different (P>0.05) for cows fed with diets containing NG, WH and BP. These results suggest that WH and BP can be fed at 40% without any effect on rumen metabolism and milk yield and quality.

Source:
Philipp J Vet Anim Sci 2019 45(2):140-145
http://www.pjvas.org/index.php/pjvas/article/view/233/206